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Table 4 Summary of primary and sensitivity analyses

From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Harmonic Focus in thyroidectomy compared to conventional techniques

Outcome

Primary analysis

Sensitivity analyses

Excluding ‘lower’ quality studies [8, 1215] a

Excluding imputed data [10] b

Excluding studies that did not use electrocautery in conventional [8, 1518] c

Operating Time (min)

−29.13 (−36.73, −21.53)

−22.72 (−31.75, −13.68)

−30.34 (−38.13, −22.54)

−28.95 (−38.44, −19.35)

(MD [95 %CI])

Intraoperative Blood Loss (mL)

−45.54 (−72.20, −18.89)

−42.48 (−67.97, −16.99)

Identical to primary analysis

−42.48 (−67.97, −16.99)

(MD [95 %CI])

Post-Operative Pain (VAS)

−1.33 (−1.99, −0.67)

−1.33 (−1.99, −0.67)

−1.33 (−1.99, −0.67)

(MD [95 %CI])

Length of Stay (days)

−0.68 (−1.16, −0.20)

−0.71 (−1.24, −0.18)

−0.59 (−1.21, 0.02)

(MD [95 %CI])

Drainage Volume (mL)

−29.38 (−52.46, −6.30)

−29.38 (−52.46, −6.30)

−29.38 (−52.46, −6.30)

(MD [95 %CI])

Hemorrhage require surgery

0.68 (0.19, 2.46)

0.78 (0.19, 3.18)

0.32 (0.05, 2.01)

(RR [95 %CI])

Transient Hypocalcemia

0.60 (0.44, 0.82)

0.67 (0.45, 1.00)

0.54 (0.37, 0.78)

(RR [95 %CI])

Persistent Hypocalcemia

0.35 (0.07, 1.91)

0.90 (0.06, 14.25)

Too few studies to inform (<2)

(RR [95 %CI])

Transient RLN Paresis

0.64 (0.28, 1.44)

0.57 (0.23, 1.43)

0.43 (0.16, 1.14)

(RR [95 %CI])

Persistent RLN Paresis

0.33 (0.01, 8.03)

0.33 (0.01, 8.03)

Too few studies to inform (<2)

(RR [95 %CI])

Wound Seroma

0.57 (0.12, 2.65)

0.57 (0.12, 2.65)

Too few studies to inform (<2)

(RR [95 %CI])

  1. CI Confidence Interval, LOS Length of Stay, MD Mean Difference, RR Relative Risk, VAS Visual Analog Scale, min minutes, mL milliliters
  2. aLower quality study defined as: ≥ 4 “unclear” OR one “No” listed in any risk of bias assessment category: Cannizzaro [12], Pons [8], Sista [13], Duan [14], Soroush [15]
  3. bMiccoli [10]
  4. cDi Renzo [14], Docimo [16], Materazzi [17], Pons [8], Soroush [15]