Table 1 Observational and double-blind, placebo-controlled studies showing the impact of Se on fetus, preeclampsia and thyroid autoimmunity during pregnancy
From: Selenium and at-risk pregnancy: challenges and controversies
Author | No of participants | Study design | Outcome | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Se Impact on fetus | ||||
Polanska K 2017 | 539 mother-child pairs | Observational | 1st trimester Se status was associated with child language and motor skills (β = 0.18, p = 0.03 and β = 0.25, p = 0.005, respectively) at one year of age | [24] |
Mocenic I 2019 | 205 mother-child pairs | Observational | Maternal blood Se was negatively associated with cerebellum length (r = − 0.372; p = 0.008); cord blood was positively associated with cerebellum width (r = 0.613; p = 0.007) | [30] |
Amoros R 2018 | 650 mother-child pairs | Observational | inverted U-shaped relationships between Se concentrations and mental and psychomotor development scores (β (95% CI) = − 0.13 (− 0.29, 0.03) and β (95% CI) = − 0.08 (− 0.24, 0.07), respectively) | [28] |
Se and preeclampsia | ||||
Rayman MP 2014 | 230 pregnant women | Double-blind placebo-controlled. Se 60 μg/day placebo. 12–14 week until delivery. | Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFlt-1) decreased as marker of risk of preeclampsia | [8] |
Se and autoimmunity in pregnancy | ||||
Mao JJ 2016 | 230 pregnant women | Double-blind placebo-controlled. Se 200 μg/day or placebo until delivery. | In ThyAB+ TSH decreased (p = 0.050) vs. placebo. TSH in ThyAB- increased and FT4 decreased significantly during gestation (p < 0.001). | [67] |
Negro R 2007 | 2143 euthyroid pregnant women | Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled | Post-partum and permanent hypothyroidism were lower in women treated with SeMet 200 μg/day (28.6 vs. 48.6%, p < 0.01; and 11.7 vs. 20.3%, p < 0.01, respectively) | [64] |
Mantovani G 2019 | 45 pregnant women (SERENA study) | multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | Beneficial effect of SeMet treatment on ThyAB titer as compared to placebo (TgAb 151.03 ± 182.9, p < 0.01; TPOAb 441.28 ± 512.18, p < 0.01) and PP TgAb 19.86 (11.59–52.60), p < 0.01; TPOAb 255.00 (79.00–292.00), p < 0.01 | [65] |