Study | Study design | Setting | Study method | Sample size | Mean age ± SD | Female: Male | Thyroid cancer type | Rate of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (in percent) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thyroid cancer | Control group | ||||||||
Alcântara-Jones 2015 [12] | Retrospective | Brazil | Thyroidectomy | 49 | 48.5 | 30:3 | Papillary | 27.27 (9/33) | 31.25 (5/16) |
Zeng 2016 [13] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 619 | 45.9 | 484:135 | Papillary | 35.86 (222/619) | Â |
Campos 2012 [1] | Retrospective | Brazil | Thyroidectomy | 315 | 44.9 | 34:7 | Papillary | 26.83 (11/41) | 1.12 (3/268) |
Ye 2013 [14] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 2052 | – | 828:176 | Papillary | 18.63 (187/1004) | 6.42 (66/1028) |
Cipolla 2005 [15] | Retrospective | Italy | Thyroidectomy | 178 | – | 68:21 | Papillary | 26.76 (19/71) |  |
Kim 2011 [16] | Retrospective | Korea | Thyroidectomy | 1329 | 47.5 | 821:207 | Papillary | 29.86 (307/1028) | 9.64 (24/249) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 32:20 | Follicular | 9.62 (5/52) |  |
Ahn 2011 [17] | Retrospective | Korea | Thyroidectomy | 303 | 42.8 | 225:44 | Papillary | 21.56 (58/269) | Â |
Huang 2011 [18] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 1997 | 39.9 | 1450:338 | Papillary | 4.75 (85/1788) | Â |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 153:56 | Follicular | 3.83 (8/209) |  |
Lun 2013 [19] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 2478 | 41.3 | 538:138 | Papillary | 18.79 (127/676) | 7.16 (129/1802) |
Moshynska 2008 [20] | Retrospective | Canada | Thyroidectomy | 20 | – | – | Lymphoma | 60 (12/20) |  |
Singh 1999 [21] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 453 | 41 | 267:121 | Papillary | 14.69 (57/388) | Â |
 |  |  |  |  |  | – | Follicular | 2.08 (1/48) |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  | – | Lymphoma | 5.88 (1/17) |  |
Zhang 2014 [22] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 8524 | 43.1 | – | Papillary | 28.46 (592/2080) |  |
Nemetz 2011 [23] | Retrospective | Brazil | Thyroidectomy | 52 | 51.3 | 48:4 | Papillary | 32.69 (17/52) | Â |
Jeong 2012 [24] | Retrospective | Korea | Thyroidectomy | 1357 | 44.5 | 1176:181 | Papillary | 26.46 (359/1357) | Â |
Kashima 1998 [25] | Retrospective | Japan | Thyroidectomy | 1533 | 42.6 | 1402:131 | Papillary | 18.33 (281/1533) | Â |
Kebebew 2001 [26] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 136 | 45.5 | 95:41 | Papillary | 30.15 (41/136) | Â |
Yoon 2012 [27] | Retrospective | Korea | Thyroidectomy | 195 | 45.9 | 166:29 | Papillary | 28.72 (56/195) | Â |
Graceffa 2019 [28] | Retrospective | Italy | Thyroidectomy | 305 | 50.6 | 258:47 | Papillary | 28.6 (36/126) | 7.7 (11/142) |
Selek 2016 [29] | Retrospective | Turkey | Thyroidectomy | 870 | 47 ± 12 |  | Papillary | 30 (172/ 577) | 31 (90/ 293) |
Topaloglu 2016 [30] | Retrospective | Turkey | Thyroidectomy | 427 | Malignant: 49.10 ± 12.23 Benign: 47.78 ± 12.39 | 341:86 | Papillary | 38.4 (73/190) | 29.5 (70/237) |
Zeng 2018 [31] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 258 | 17.31 ± 3.21 | 212:46 | Papillary | 17.8 (23/129) | 1.6 (2/129) |
Osorio 2019 [7] | Retrospective | Colombia | Thyroidectomy | 1136 | 47.5 ± 14.3 | 1047: 89 | Papillary | 24 (44/183) | 13.11 (125/953) |
Youssef Mohamed 2020 [32] | Retrospective | Egypt | Thyroidectomy | 80 | – | 22: 58 | Papillary | 20 16/80 |  |
JNawarathna 2018 [33] | Retrospective | Sri Lanka | Thyroidectomy | 684 | 48 ± 12.5 | 611: 73 | Papillary | OR: 0.867 (0.25-2.99) | |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | OR: 1.02 (0.22-4.58) | |
 | Rate of thyroid cancer (in percent) | ||||||||
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | Control group | ||||||||
Repplinger 2008 [34] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 1198 | Â | 215:77 | Papillary | 29.03 (63/217) | 23.34 (229/981) |
Paparodis 2014 [35] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 2718 | Â | Â | Papillary | 42.68 (242/567) | 26.27 (565/2151) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 1.76 (10/567) | 2.14 (46/2151) |
Anil 2010 [36] | Prospective | Turkey | FNA | 715 | Â | Â | Papillary | 1.22 (2/164) | 3.45 (19/551) |
Konturek 2013 [37] | Retrospective | Poland | Thyroidectomy | 7545 | 53.5 | Â | Papillary | 23.45 (106/452) | 7.47 (530/7093) |
Mukasa 2011 [38] | Retrospective | Japan | FNA | 2036 | Â | Â | Papillary | 1.77 (36/2036) | Â |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Lymphoma | 0.10 (2/2036) |  |
Matesa-Anic 2009 [39] | Retrospective | Croatia | FNA | 10,508 | 50 | 236:33 | Papillary | 1.95 (42/2156) | 2.72 (227/8352) |
Dailey 1955 [5] | Prospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 2336 | 37.5 | Â | Papillary | 10.43 (29/278) | Â |
Larson 2007 [40] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 812 | 41 | 142:37 | Papillary | 34.7 (34/98) | 20.4 (145/710) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 16:5 | Follicular | 9.2 (9/98) | 1.69 (12/710) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 3:0 | Anaplastic | 1.02 (1/98) | 0.28 (2/710) |
Zayed 2015 [41] | Retrospective | Jordan | Thyroidectomy | 180 | 51.3 | 9:6 | Medullary | 3.85 (3/78) | 1.53 (12/785) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 102:35 | Papillary | 10.26 (8/78) | 16.43 (129/785) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 18:9 | Follicular | 0 (0/78) | 3.44 (27/785) |
Gul 2010 [42] | Retrospective | Turkey | Thyroidectomy | 613 | 43 | Â | Papillary | 43.48 (40/92) | 25.14 (131/521) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 1.09 (1/92) | 1.92 (10/521) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Medullary | 0 (0/92) | 0.96 (5/521) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Lymphoma | 1.09 (1/92) | 0 (0/521) |
Mazokopakis 2010 [43] | Retrospective | Greece | Thyroidectomy | 140 | 49.3 | 25:7 | Papillary | 28.57 (12/42) | 20.41 (20/98) |
Sclafani 1993 [44] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 48 | 51.7 | Â | Papillary | 12.5 (6/48) | Â |
Peterson 1957 [45] | Retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 757 | Â | Â | Papillary | 2.60 (2/77) | 2.06 (14/680) |
Zhang 2014 [46] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 647 | 43.3 | Â | Papillary | 37.96 (41/108) | 17.25 (93/539) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 0 (0/108) | 0.37 (2/539) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Medullary | 1.85 (2/108) | 0.37 (2/539) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Anaplastic | 0 (0/108) | 0.56 (3/539) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Lymphoma | 0.93 (1/108) | 0 (0/539) |
Holm 1985 [47] | Prospective | Sweden | FNA | 1656 | Â | Â | Papillary | 0.12 (1/829) | 0.12 (1/829) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 0.12 (1/829) | 0.12 (1/829) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Lymphoma | 0.48 (4/829) | 0 (0/829) |
Moris 2019 [48] | prospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 9851 | 52.2 ± 15 | 8263: 1588 | Undefined | 22.8 (606/2651) | 15.4 (1105/7200) |
 |  |  | FNA |  |  |  | Undefined | 7.3 (284/3895) | 4.7 (473/10168) |
Jackson 2020 [49] | retrospective | United States | Thyroidectomy | 359 | Â | Â | Incidental thyroid cancer | 15 (8/52) | 10 (31/307) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Thyroid cancer | 37 (19/52) | 37 (114/307) |
Keskin 2016 [50] | prospective | Turkey | FNA and Thyroidectomy | 300 | 12.1 ± 3.1 | 238: 62 | Papillary | 0.66 (2/300) |  |
Liu2017 [51] | retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 927 | 46 ± 0 | 706: 221 | Papillary |  |  |
Radetti 2019 [52] | prospective | Italy | FNA | 904 | 10.6 ± 3.2 | 709: 195 | Papillary | 1.1 (10/904) |  |
Won2018 [53] | retrospective | Korea | FNA | 89 | 11.1 ± 3.7 | 76: 13 | Papillary | 7.9 (7/89) |  |
Boi 2017 [54] | retrospective | Italy | FNA | 645 | Â | Â | Â | 28.9 (44/152) | 7.4 (12/161) |
 |  |  | Thyroidectomy |  |  |  | Papillary | 64.3 (45/70) | 35.1 (13/37) |
 |  |  | Thyroidectomy |  |  |  | Follicular | 4.3 (3/70) | 5.4 (2/37) |
 |  |  | Thyroidectomy |  |  |  | Medullary | 2.8 (2/70) | 2.7 (1/37) |
Gabalec 2016 [55] | retrospective | Czech republic | Thyroidectomy | 4947 | Â | Â | Undefined | 29.5 (26/88) | 15.2 (231/1515) |
 |  |  | FNA |  |  |  |  | 14.2 (85/592) | 15.2 (662/4348) |
Büyükaşi 2011 [56] | retrospective | Turkey | Thyroidectomy | 917 | adult | 743:174 | All Cancer Types | 19.4 (15/77) | 9.8 (82/840) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Papillary | 60.0 (9/15) | 63.41 (52/82) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 6.6 (1/15) | 13.41 (11/82) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Medullary | 20.0 (3/15) | 4.87 (4/82) |
Chen 2013 [57] | prospective | Taiwan | Â | 7605 | adult | 6845:755 | Â | 1.58 | 0.14 |
Cipolla 2005 [15] | Retrospective | Italy | Thyroidectomy | 178 | – | 68:21 | Papillary | 27.6 (13/47) |  |
Zhang 2014 [22] | Retrospective | China | Thyroidectomy | 8524 | 43.1 | – | Papillary | 14.24 (247/839) | 70 (592/839) |
Graceffa 2019 [28] | Retrospective | Italy | Thyroidectomy | 305 | 50.6 | 258:47 | Papillary | 28.83 (47/163) | Â |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Follicular | 1.84 (3/163) |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Medullary | 0.61 (1/163) |  |
Uhliarova 2017 [58] | prospective | Slovakia | Thyroidectomy | 2117 | 11.1 ± 3.7 | 1738: 379 | All cancer types | 83.64%) (266/318) |  |