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  1. The cysteine peptidase cathepsin B is important in thyroid physiology by being involved in prohormone processing initiated in the follicle lumen and completed in endo-lysosomal compartments. However, cathepsin...

    Authors: Sofia Tedelind, Silvia Jordans, Henrike Resemann, Galia Blum, Matthew Bogyo, Dagmar Führer and Klaudia Brix

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4(Suppl 1):S2

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 4 Supplement 1

  2. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) comprises the commonest type of thyroid cancer and carries the highest rate of survival. However, when metastatic disease occurs, survival is significantly affected.

    Authors: Alexandra Chrisoulidou, Maria Boudina, Athanasios Tzemailas, Eleni Doumala, Pashalia K Iliadou, Frideriki Patakiouta and Kalliopi Pazaitou-Panayiotou

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:12

    Content type: Research

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  3. Currently the cytological examination of fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies is the standard technique for the pre-operative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, the results may be non-informa...

    Authors: Kristine Ducena, Arturs Ābols, Janis Vilmanis, Zenons Narbuts, Juris Tārs, Diana Andrējeva, Aija Linē and Valdis Pīrāgs

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:11

    Content type: Research

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  4. Pendred syndrome (PDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing impairment and variable degree of goitrous enlargement of the thyroid gland with a partial defect in iodine orga...

    Authors: Tomoyuki Iwata, Tadao Yoshida, Masaaki Teranishi, Yoshiharu Murata, Yoshitaka Hayashi, Yasuhiko Kanou, Andrew J Griffith and Tsutomu Nakashima

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:10

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  5. To assess predictors of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) persistence/recurrence.

    Authors: Angela M Leung, Shalini Dave, Stephanie L Lee, Francis X Campion, Jeffrey R Garber and Elizabeth N Pearce

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:9

    Content type: Research

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  6. Thyroid storm is a condition in which multiple organ dysfunction results from failure of the compensatory mechanisms of the body owing to excessive thyroid hormone activity induced by some factors in patients ...

    Authors: Erika Osada, Naoki Hiroi, Mariko Sue, Natsumi Masai, Ryo Iga, Rika Shigemitsu, Reiko Oka, Masahiko Miyagi, Kaoru Iso, Koji Kuboki and Gen Yoshino

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:8

    Content type: Case report

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  7. We present a patient with severe hypothyroidism complicated by paralytic ileus and acute kidney injury. A 65 year old male patient, diagnosed with hypothyroidism one year ago was transferred to our unit in a s...

    Authors: Chaturaka Rodrigo, Champika SSSK Gamakaranage, Dhanesha S Epa, Ariaranee Gnanathasan and Senaka Rajapakse

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:7

    Content type: Case report

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  8. The diagnosis of growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) in short children seems unquestionable when both GH peak in stimulating tests (GHST) and IGF-I concentration are decreased. However, the discrepancies betw...

    Authors: Joanna Smyczyńska, Renata Stawerska, Andrzej Lewiński and Maciej Hilczer

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:6

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  9. RET/PTC rearrangements are the most frequent molecular changes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). So far, 15 main RET/PTC rearrangements have been described, among which RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3 are the most com...

    Authors: Anna Cyniak-Magierska, Katarzyna Wojciechowska-Durczyńska, Kinga Krawczyk-Rusiecka, Arkadiusz Zygmunt and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:5

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  10. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (Pin1), encoded by PIN1 gene with locus in chromosome 19p13, is an enzyme that catalytically induces conformational changes in proteins after phosphorylation on serine or threo...

    Authors: Andrzej Lewiński, Ewa Brzeziańska, Karolina Czarnecka, Joanna Latek, Włodzimierz Koptas and Anna Cyniak-Magierska

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:4

    Content type: Research

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  11. COX-2 is an enzyme isoform that catalyses the formation of prostanoids from arachidonic acid. An increased COX-2 gene expression is believed to participate in carcinogenesis. Recent studies have shown that COX-2 ...

    Authors: Kinga Krawczyk-Rusiecka, Katarzyna Wojciechowska-Durczyńska, Anna Cyniak-Magierska, Zbigniew Adamczewski, Elżbieta Gałecka and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:3

    Content type: Research

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  12. Autoimmune thyroid disease is a common complication of patients with chronic hepatitis C undergoing combination pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin treatment. A small proportion develops interferon-induced th...

    Authors: Huy A Tran, Tracey L Jones, Elizabeth A Ianna and Glenn EM Reeves

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:2

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  13. The purpose of this study was to assess the advantages and disadvantages of 3D gray-scale and power Doppler ultrasound, including thin slice volume rendering (TSVR), applied for evaluation of thyroid nodules.

    Authors: Rafal Zenon Slapa, Wieslaw Stanislaw Jakubowski, Jadwiga Slowinska-Srzednicka and Kazimierz Tomasz Szopinski

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2011 4:1

    Content type: Research

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  14. Our Thyroid-Multidisciplinary Clinic is a large referral site for thyroid diseases. Thyroid biopsies are mainly performed for thyroid cancer screening. Yet, Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is being too frequently d...

    Authors: Anca Staii, Sarah Mirocha, Kristina Todorova-Koteva, Simone Glinberg and Juan C Jaume

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:11

    Content type: Research

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  15. Calcitonin (Ct) and carcinoembrional antigen (CEA) are widely used as tumor markers for the post-operative follow-up of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

    Authors: Tomasz Gawlik, Andrea d'Amico, Sylwia Szpak-Ulczok, Aleksander Skoczylas, Elżbieta Gubała, Anna Chorąży, Kamil Gorczewski, Jan Włoch and Barbara Jarząb

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:10

    Content type: Research

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  16. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of 131I therapy between three groups of DTC patients who received 30, 60 or 100 mCi for thyroid remnant ablation after total thyroidectomy and were postoperat...

    Authors: Aleksandra Kukulska, Jolanta Krajewska, Marzena Gawkowska-Suwińska, Zbigniew Puch, Ewa Paliczka-Cieslik, Jozef Roskosz, Daria Handkiewicz-Junak, Michał Jarzab, Elzbieta Gubała and Barbara Jarzab

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:9

    Content type: Research

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  17. In differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with primary tumor smaller than 1 cm, the routine central lymph node (LN) dissection is questioned, due to increased risk of post-surgery complications and lack of con...

    Authors: Agnieszka Czarniecka, Michal Jarzab, Jolanta Krajewska, Ewa Chmielik, Bogna Szcześniak-Klusek, Ewa Stobiecka, Robert Kokot, Aleksander Sacher, Stanisław Poltorak and Jan Wloch

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:8

    Content type: Research

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  18. Radioiodine (131I) therapy is widely accepted as an essential part of therapeutic regimens in many cases of differentiated thyroid cancer. Radiation-induced oxidative damage to macromolecules is a well known phen...

    Authors: Jacek Makarewicz, Andrzej Lewiński and Małgorzata Karbownik-Lewińska

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:7

    Content type: Research

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  19. At present, researchers' attention has been concentrating on NDRG2 (N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2) as a new gene candidate in the development and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). NDRG2, toget...

    Authors: Anna Mordalska, Joanna Latek, Tomasz Ferenc, Lech Pomorski, Elżbieta Gałecka, Arkadiusz Zygmunt and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:6

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  20. Recent studies have shown that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is important regulator of many cellular events, including apoptosis, proliferation and motility. PI3K pathway alteratio...

    Authors: Katarzyna Wojciechowska-Durczyńska, Kinga Krawczyk-Rusiecka, Anna Cyniak-Magierska, Arkadiusz Zygmunt, Elżbieta Gałecka and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:5

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  21. Thyroid cancer may have a familial predisposition but a specific germline alteration responsible for the disease has not been discovered yet. We have shown that familial papillary thyroid cancer (FPTC) patient...

    Authors: Silvia Cantara, Serena Capuano, Caterina Formichi, Milena Pisu, Marco Capezzone and Furio Pacini

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:4

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  22. Iodide that is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis is actively transported into the thyroid follicular cells via sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) protein in vertebrates. It is well known that NIS expression i...

    Authors: Md Harun-Or-Rashid, Masato Asai, Xiao-yang Sun, Yoshitaka Hayashi, Junichi Sakamoto and Yoshiharu Murata

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:3

    Content type: Research

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  23. Normal thyroid hormone secretion or appropriate L-thyroxine (L-T4) substitution is necessary for the optimal effect of the growth hormone (GH) administration on growth rate. The decrease of free thyroxine (FT4) l...

    Authors: Joanna Smyczynska, Maciej Hilczer, Renata Stawerska and Andrzej Lewinski

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:2

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  24. A 31-year old woman, previously fit & well was admitted with pressing retrosternal chest pain and palpitations of sudden onset. Her body weight was normal (BMI 20.5 kg/m2) and there was no significant family hist...

    Authors: Krzysztof C Lewandowski, Tomasz Rechciński, Maria Krzemińska-Pakuła and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2010 3:1

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  25. Hepatitis C virus is a highly immunogenic pathogen often inducing autoimmune activation changes and this can often be further exacerbated by Interferon therapy. As HCV is lymphocytotropic, it can modulate T ce...

    Authors: Huy A Tran and Glenn EM Reeves

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:12

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  26. Thyroid function is closely related to leptin's secretion by the adipose tissue. In states of leptin-deficiency, the circadian rhythm of TSH is altered, leading to central hypothyroidism in animal models. In h...

    Authors: Gilberto Paz-Filho, Tuncay Delibasi, Halil K Erol, Ma-Li Wong and Julio Licinio

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:11

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  27. Genes related to the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor involved in regulation of immune responses, are interesting candidates for association studies in autoimmune disorders. The aim of thi...

    Authors: Alina Kurylowicz, Piotr Miśkiewicz, Ewa Bar-Andziak, Janusz Nauman and Tomasz Bednarczuk

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:10

    Content type: Research

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  28. Primary thyroid gland lymphomas are uncommon tumours that occur in the setting of lymphocytic thyroiditis or Hashimoto's disease in almost all cases. In this condition a distinction between an inflammatory lym...

    Authors: Antonio D'Antonio, Alessia Caleo, Stefano Licci, Maria Addesso, Maurizio De Palma, Amedeo Boscaino and Oscar Nappi

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:9

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  29. In 30–50% of patients with metastatic non-medullary thyroid cancer the metastases are not radioiodine-avid and so there is no effective treatment. Retinoids have demonstrated inhibition of thyroid tumor growth...

    Authors: Daria Handkiewicz-Junak, Jozef Roskosz, Kornelia Hasse-Lazar, Sylwia Szpak-Ulczok, Zbigniew Puch, Aleksandra Kukulska, Tomasz Olczyk, Andrzej Piela, Ewa Paliczka-Cieslik and Barbara Jarzab

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:8

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  30. in recent years, an increasing interest in the application of selective embolization of thyroid arteries (SETA) in the treatment of thyroid diseases is observed. In the present report, we analyse the value, sa...

    Authors: Marek Dedecjus, Józef Tazbir, Zbigniew Kaurzel, Grzegorz Stróżyk, Arkadiusz Zygmunt, Andrzej Lewiński and Jan Brzeziński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:7

    Content type: Research

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  31. Large multinodular goiter (MNG) in elderly people is a common finding which can require intervention. The long-term effect of radioiodine therapy on thyroid volume (TV) and function after recombinant human (rh...

    Authors: Massimo Giusti, Mauro Caputo, Iolanda Calamia, Mariaclaudia Bagnara, Enrica Ceresola, Mara Schiavo, Michele Mussap, Diego Ferone, Francesco Minuto and Marcello Bagnasco

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:6

    Content type: Research

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  33. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex condition with several possible contributing factors. The rapid and irregular heartbeat produced by AF increases the risk of blood clot formation inside the heart. These c...

    Authors: Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Jacek Rysz and Maciej Banach

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:4

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  34. Several our previous studies showed associations of increasing blood level of persistent organochlorinated pollutants (POPs) with individual thyroid and metabolic adverse health signs in subjects from heavily ...

    Authors: Pavel Langer, Anton Kočan, Mária Tajtáková, Katarína Sušienková, Žofia Rádiková, Juraj Koška, Lucia Kšinantová, Richard Imrich, Miloslava Hučková, Beáta Drobná, Daniela Gašperíková, Tomáš Trnovec and Iwar Klimeš

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:3

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  35. Hypothyroidism (sub-clinical and overt) and metabolic syndrome are recognized risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study is an effort to identify the proposed association between these...

    Authors: Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Anita A Kumar, Vijay Jeyachandran, Deepan Rajamanickam, K Rajkumar, Shihas Salim, Kuyilan Karai Subramanian and Senthilkumar Natesan

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:2

    Content type: Research

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  36. Human endocrine tumors often express the somatostatin receptors SSTR 1–5 with different intensity. It has been widely investigated their distribution in pituitary adenomas, brain tumors, adrenal tumors and neu...

    Authors: Hanna Pisarek, Tomasz Stępień, Robert Kubiak, Edyta Borkowska and Marek Pawlikowski

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2009 2:1

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  38. 46 year old patient was admitted as an emergency with vomiting, hypotension and serum cortisol of 0,940 μg/dl (26 nmol/l) indicative of adrenal failure. Despite previous history of panhypopituitarism he was fo...

    Authors: Krzysztof C Lewandowski, Magdalena Marcinkowska, Elżbieta Skowrońska-Jóźwiak, Jacek Makarewicz and Andrzej Lewiński

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2008 1:7

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  40. Triiodothyronine regulates proliferation acting as stimulator or inhibitor. E2F4 and E2F5 in complexes with pocket proteins p107 or p130 stop cells in G1, repressing transcription of genes important for cell c...

    Authors: Piotr Poplawski and Alicja Nauman

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2008 1:5

    Content type: Research

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  42. Overt hypothyroidism has been associated with arterial hypertension and increased arterial stiffness. Results in euthyroid individuals have been conflicting. We investigated associations of thyroid function wi...

    Authors: Katerina Saltiki, Paraskevi Voidonikola, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Emily Mantzou, Christos Papamichael and Maria Alevizaki

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2008 1:3

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  43. Hyperthyroidism seems to increase metabolic and cardiovascular risk, while the effects of sub-clinical hyperthyroidism are controversial. We evaluated metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in differentiated ...

    Authors: Massimo Giusti, Lorenzo Mortara, Roberta Degrandi, Francesca Cecoli, Michele Mussap, Guido Rodriguez, Diego Ferone and Francesco Minuto

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2008 1:2

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  44. Welcome to the first issue of Thyroid Research, a new journal published by BioMed Central, which aims at providing a platform for both researchers and clinicians to discuss a broad spectrum of thyroidology and re...

    Authors: Andrzej Lewinski, Josef Köhrle, Maria Alevizaki and Barbara Jarzab

    Citation: Thyroid Research 2008 1:1

    Content type: Editorial

    Published on:

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Thyroid Research

ISSN: 1756-6614