Articles

The surgical management of locally advanced well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: changes over the years according to the AJCC 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is defined as locally advanced in the presence of an extra thyroid extension, e.g., when the surrounding structures such as the trachea, larynx, esophagus and main blood v...

Authors: Alessio Metere, Valerio Aceti and Laura Giacomelli

Association of thyroid hormones with resting energy expenditure and complement C3 in normal weight high body fat women

A high body fat percentage has a specific effect on activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. On the other hand, a slight change in thyroid hormones can affect metabolism and body composition as w...

Authors: Maryam Karkhaneh, Mostafa Qorbani, Asal Ataie-Jafari, Mohamad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Hamid Asayesh and Saeed Hosseini

Painless destructive thyroiditis in a patient with resistance to thyroid hormone: a case report

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) usually features a syndrome of inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (SITSH) without suppression of the typical high thyroid hormone levels. However, some p...

Authors: Tomoko Nagamine, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Naoya Emoto, Takahito Kogai, Akira Hishinuma, Fumitaka Okajima and Hitoshi Sugihara

Genomic test ends a long diagnostic odyssey in a patient with resistance to thyroid hormones

Resistance to thyroid hormones is a very rare condition, which is often misdiagnosed and mistreated. The cases where there is a concomitant autoimmune thyroid disorder are ultra-rare and particularly challengi...

Authors: Todor Arsov, Chengmei Xie, Nan Shen, Dan Andrews, Carola G. Vinuesa and Olivija Vaskova

Association of antithyroglobulin antibody with iodine nutrition and thyroid dysfunction in Nepalese children

Aberrant iodine intake and thyroid autoimmunity affect thyroid function. Deficiencies of iodine including thyroid disorders have serious impact on child physical and mental development. This study was conducte...

Authors: Binaya Tamang, Saroj Khatiwada, Basanta Gelal, Shrijana Shrestha, Kishun Deo Mehta, Nirmal Baral, Gauri Shankar Shah and Madhab Lamsal

Levothyroxine before conception in women with thyroid antibodies: a step forward in the management of thyroid disease in pregnancy

Studies suggesting an association between thyroid autoimmunity and pregnancy-related adverse outcomes, particularly miscarriage and preterm delivery, date to nineties. The postulated causes for these associati...

Authors: Roberto Negro

Semi-quantitative assessment of diffuse hepatic uptake seen in I-131 scans – an indicator of functioning thyroid tissue and disease burden in differentiated thyroid cancer

To semi-quantitatively analyze liver uptake of I-131 in diagnostic and post-therapy scans by calculating hepatic to thigh ratios (HTR) and evaluate its clinical significance in management of differentiated thy...

Authors: Prasanta K. Pradhan, Suruchi Jain, Madhusudhanan Ponnuswamy, Amitabh Arya and Manish Ora

Normalization of thyroid function tests among thyrotoxicosis patients attending a University Hospital in North-West Ethiopia

Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical state that results from inappropriately high thyroid hormone action in tissues. Although it is one of the common endocrine disorders, there is scarcity of data on the management of...

Authors: Eyob Alemayehu Gebreyohannes, Emneteab Mesfin Ayele, Soliana Alemayehu Tesfaye and Mohammed Assen Seid

Hypothyroidism in the older population

Both overt hypothyroidism as well as minor elevations of serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels associated with thyroid hormones within their respective reference ranges (termed subclinical hypothyroidism) are relativ...

Authors: Owain Leng and Salman Razvi

Mucin in benign thyroid nodules: treatment related change or not?

Authors: Adriana Handra-Luca

Thyroid malignancy among patients with thyroid nodules in the United Arab Emirates: a five-year retrospective tertiary Centre analysis

Thyroid malignancy constitutes the sixth common cancer type in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There are no epidemiological data outlining the prevalence of cancer in thyroid nodules, nor previous analysis of ...

Authors: Eiman Alseddeeqi, Raqwana Baharoon, Rawia Mohamed, Jenan Ghaith, Abeer Al-Helali and Luai A. Ahmed

Rapid detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma by fluorescence imaging using a γ-glutamyltranspeptidase-specific probe: a pilot study

Nodular lesions of the thyroid gland, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), may be difficult to diagnose by imaging, such as in ultrasonic echo testing, or by needle biopsy. Definitive diagnosis is made...

Authors: Rumi Hino, Naoko Inoshita, Toyoki Yoshimoto, Makiko Ogawa, Daishu Miura, Ryoko Watanabe, Kenta Watanabe, Mako Kamiya and Yasteru Urano

Calcitonin measurement in fine-needle aspirate washout fluid by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for thyroid tumors

For the differential diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) on thyroid nodules, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology is a useful and safe procedure, but its diagnostic accuracy is not high...

Authors: Minoru Kihara, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Takumi Kudo, Toshitetsu Hayashi, Masatoshi Yamamoto, Hiroo Masuoka, Takuya Higashiyama, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Yasuhiro Ito, Akihiro Miya and Akira Miyauchi

Correlation between anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels and diffuse thyroid uptake of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a retrospective study

On ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET), diffuse uptake in the thyroid gland is often observed in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In this study, we evaluated the factors associat...

Authors: Naoki Edo, Koji Morita, Miki Sakamoto, Tatsuro Kaminaga, Hiromi Edo, Erina Okamura, Masumi Ogawa, Kazuhisa Tsukamoto, Hiroko Okinaga and Toshio Ishikawa

Synergistic inhibition of MEK/ERK and BRAF V600E with PD98059 and PLX4032 induces sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression and radioiodine uptake in BRAF mutated papillary thyroid cancer cells

The activating mutation BRAF^V600E is a frequent genetic event in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). Mutation BRAF^V600E is associated with the loss of a sodium/iodine symporter (NIS), and subsequent radioiodide-r...

Authors: Honglai Zhang and Dong Chen

Hyperthyroidism in a complete molar pregnancy with a mature cystic ovarian teratoma

The hallmark of gestational trophoblastic disease is the production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) due to the hyperproliferation of extraembryonic trophoblast cells. Previous studies show hCG has thyrot...

Authors: Bryce C. Simes, Alozie A. Mbanaso, Carlos A. Zapata and Chukwuma M. Okoroji

A rare malignant thyroid carcinosarcoma with aggressive behavior and DICER1 gene mutation: a case report with literature review

Malignant biphasic tumor also known as carcinosarcoma is an uncommon neoplasm that is composed of both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Most reported cases of carcinosarcoma affect the female g...

Authors: Jing Yang, Carmen Sarita-Reyes, David Kindelberger and Qing Zhao

The largest reported papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in struma ovarii and metastasis to opposite ovary: case report and review of literature

Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a very rare, germ cell tumor of the ovary, histologically identical to differentiated thyroid cancers. Struma ovarii (SO) is difficult to diagnose on clinical basis or imaging ...

Authors: Mohamed S. Al Hassan, Tamer Saafan, Walid El Ansari, Afaf A. Al Ansari, Mahmoud A. Zirie, Hanan Farghaly and Abdelrahman Abdelaal

Effect of perchlorate and thiocyanate exposure on thyroid function of pregnant women from South-West England: a cohort study

Iodine is important for thyroid hormone synthesis, and iodine deficiency in pregnancy may impair fetal neurological development. As perchlorate and thiocyanate inhibit sodium-iodide symporter reducing the tran...

Authors: Bridget A. Knight, Beverley M. Shields, Xuemei He, Elizabeth N. Pearce, Lewis E. Braverman, Rachel Sturley and Bijay Vaidya

Characteristics and natural course of hypoechoic thyroid lesions diagnosed as possible thyroid lymphomas by fine needle aspiration cytology

There is little information regarding the natural course of hypoechoic thyroid lesions that are probable or possible thyroid lymphoma based on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results.

Authors: Tomoe Nakao, Mitsushige Nishikawa, Mako Hisakado, Toshihiko Kasahara, Takumi Kudo, Eijun Nishihara, Mitsuru Ito, Shuji Fukata, Hirotoshi Nakamura, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa and Akira Miyauchi

‘Does levothyroxine improve pregnancy outcomes in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing assisted reproductive technology?’

Evidence on the treatment of euthyroid infertile women and thyroid autoimmunity with thyroid hormone is scare, and therefore the recent study by Wang et al. is a welcome addition to it. Based on their results,...

Authors: Kris Poppe, Flora Veltri and Candice Autin

Thyroid hormones increase stomach goblet cell numbers and mucin expression during indomethacin induced ulcer healing in Wistar rats

Gastric ulcers are mucosal discontinuities that may extend into the mucosa, submucosa or even deeper. They result from an imbalance between mucosal aggressors and protective mechanisms that include the mucus b...

Authors: Jackline Namulema, Miriam Nansunga, Charles Drago Kato, Muhammudu Kalange and Samuel Babafemi Olaleye

The upper limit for TSH during pregnancy: why we should stop using fixed limits of 2.5 or 3.0 mU/l

Physiological changes necessitate the use of pregnancy-specific reference ranges for TSH and FT4 to diagnose thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. Although many centers use fixed upper limits for TSH of 2.5 or...

Authors: Tim I. M. Korevaar

Acute suppurative thyroiditis caused by thyroid papillary carcinoma in the right thyroid lobe of a healthy woman

The thyroid gland is resistant to microbial infection, because of its organ characteristics such as encapsulation, iodine content, and rich blood supply. Therefore, acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST), as a ba...

Authors: Hazuki Otani, Masakazu Notsu, Sayo Koike, Miwa Morita, Masahiro Yamamoto, Mika Yamauchi, Takahumi Fuchiwaki, Ichiro Morikura, Noriaki Aoi, Hideyuki Kawauchi, Teruaki Iwabashi, Asuka Araki, Noriyoshi Ishikawa, Riruke Maruyama and Toshitsugu Sugimoto

Ultrasound criteria for risk stratification of thyroid nodules in the previously iodine deficient area of Austria - a single centre, retrospective analysis

We aimed to study the validity of six published ultrasound criteria for risk stratification of thyroid nodules in the former severely iodine deficient population of Austria.

Authors: Christina Tugendsam, Veronika Petz, Wolfgang Buchinger, Brigitta Schmoll-Hauer, Iris Pia Schenk, Karin Rudolph, Michael Krebs and Georg Zettinig

Role of the T and B lymphocytes in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases

Autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) broadly include Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis which are the most common causes of thyroid gland dysfunctions. These disorders develop due to complex interactio...

Authors: Marta Rydzewska, Michał Jaromin, Izabela Elżbieta Pasierowska, Karlina Stożek and Artur Bossowski

Management of hypothyroidism with combination thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) hormone replacement in clinical practice: a review of suggested guidance

Whilst trials of combination levothyroxine/liothyronine therapy versus levothyroxine monotherapy for thyroid hormone replacement have not shown any superiority, there remains a small subset of patients who do ...

Authors: Colin Dayan and Vijay Panicker

Papillary thyroid cancer recurrence 43 Years following Total Thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation: a case report

Recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) beyond the first two decades of definitive treatment (i.e. total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation) is a rare occurrence.

Authors: Yaw Amoako-Tuffour, M. Elise Graham, Martin Bullock, Matthew H. Rigby, Jonathan Trites, S. Mark Taylor and Robert D. Hart

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid gland and its significant diagnostic issue

Hyalinizing trabecular tumors (HTT) are rare follicular cell-derived tumors of the thyroid gland that are infrequently reported in otolaryngology literature. We present here an interesting case of HTT which pr...

Authors: Dustin J. Jones, Christopher R. Kieliszak, Sanjay S. Patel and Christopher R. Selinsky

A retrospective review of the multidisciplinary management of medullary thyroid cancer: eligibility for systemic therapy

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) accounts for 1-2% of all thyroid cancers. The clinical course of metastatic disease can be indolent. Our aim was to characterize the natural history of disease to evaluate the...

Authors: Georgia Geller, Janessa Laskin, Winson Y. Cheung and Cheryl Ho

Meeting abstracts from the 65th British Thyroid Association Annual Meeting

Authors:

Comparative frequency of four different types of pregnancy-associated thyrotoxicosis in a single thyroid centre

Pregnancy and delivery markedly influence thyroid function. However, the comparative prevalence of gestational thyrotoxicosis (GT), new onset of Graves’ disease during pregnancy (GD during pregnancy), postpart...

Authors: Akane Ide, Nobuyuki Amino, Takumi Kudo, Waka Yoshioka, Mako Hisakado, Eijun Nishihara, Mitsuru Ito, Shuji Fukata, Hirotoshi Nakamura and Akira Miyauchi

Malignant Struma ovarii in a 30-year old nulliparous patient

Struma ovarii is a rare monodermal germ cell tumor where the ovary is comprised of at least half thyroid tissue. This phenomenon may indicate an embryological origin.

Authors: J. Colin Boyd, Blair A. Williams, Matthew H. Rigby, Katharina Kieser, Saul Offman, Hemlata Shirsat, Jonathan R. B. Trites, S. Mark Taylor and Robert D. Hart

Meeting abstracts from the 64th British Thyroid Association Annual Meeting

Authors: Luigi Bartalena, Eric Fliers, Nicola Hellen, Peter N. Taylor, Arron Lacey, Daniel Thayer, Mohd Draman Yusof, Arshiya Tabasum, Illaria Muller, Luke Marsh, Marian Ludgate, Alex Rees, Kristien Boelaert, Shiao Chan, Scott Nelson, Aled Rees…

Concordance between the TIRADS ultrasound criteria and the BETHESDA cytology criteria on the nontoxic thyroid nodule

Thyroid nodule is a common disorder of the thyroid. Despite their benign nature, they can be associated with multiple pathologic conditions, including thyroid cancer.

Authors: Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea, Ivonne Meza-Cabrera and Jorge Herrera-Chaparro

Abstracts and short papers from the 5th Congress of the Polish Thyroid Association, Poznan, 3-5 September, 2015

Authors: Leonard Wartofsky, Peter Smyth, Josef Köhrle, Ryszard Anielski, Marian Slowiaczek, Pawel Orlicki, Rafal Czepczynski, Jacek Daroszewski, Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, Aldona Kowalska, Maria Kurowska, Joanna Malicka, Anna Oszywa-Chabros, Agnieszka Zwolak, Jerzy S. Tarach, Krzysztof C. Lewandowski…

Study of Optimal Replacement of Thyroxine in the Elderly (SORTED) – results from the feasibility randomised controlled trial

Hypothyroidism is a common condition, particularly in the older population. Thyroid hormone requirements change with age and serum TSH levels also alter, especially in older patients. However, in practice labo...

Authors: Salman Razvi, Lorna Ingoe, Vicky Ryan, Simon H. S. Pearce and Scott Wilkes

Predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules: feasibility of a predictive model integrating clinical, biochemical, and ultrasound characteristics

Although the majority of thyroid nodules are benign the process of excluding malignancy is challenging and sometimes involves unnecessary surgical procedures. We explored the development of a predictive model ...

Authors: Justyna Witczak, Peter Taylor, Jason Chai, Bethan Amphlett, Jean-Marc Soukias, Gautam Das, Brian P. Tennant, John Geen and Onyebuchi E. Okosieme

Thyroid research: stepping forward

It is eight years since Thyroid Research was launched with an aim to enhance opportunities for scientists and clinicians, working in the rapidly advancing field of thyroidology, to publish their research (Thyroid...

Authors: Bijay Vaidya and Andrzej Lewinski

Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children

Deficiencies of iodine and iron may have adverse effect on thyroid function. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children living in hil...

Authors: Saroj Khatiwada, Basanta Gelal, Nirmal Baral and Madhab Lamsal

Pendulum swings from hypo- to hyperthyroidism: thyrotoxicosis after severe hypothyroidism following neck irradiation in a patient with a history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A change in a thyrometabolic state from severe hypothyroidism to thyrotoxicosis is very uncommon, but possible in some circumstances.

Authors: Krzysztof Lewandowski, Katarzyna Dąbrowska, Jacek Makarewicz and Andrzej Lewiński

Iodine prophylaxis in pregnant women in Poland - where we are? (update 2015)

Introduction of the model of iodine prophylaxis based on the consumption of iodized salt in 1997 has eliminated the iodine deficiency in Poland. However, in accordance with the current recommendations, all wom...

Authors: Arkadiusz Zygmunt and Andrzej Lewinski

A single bolus of high dose levothyroxine (L-T₄) as a test in cases of suspected poor compliance to L-T4 therapy

Though compliance (or adherence) problems, as well as inappropriate levothyroxine (L-T₄) intake (e.g. with meal, other drugs or certain foods that can significantly affect absorption) are very common, the issue i...

Authors: Krzysztof C. Lewandowski, Katarzyna Dąbrowska, Iwona Komorowska-Dudek and Andrzej Lewiński

A systematic review and meta-analysis of Harmonic Focus in thyroidectomy compared to conventional techniques

Several meta-analyses have been performed comparing the use of a variety of ultrasonic devices in thyroidectomy to conventional procedures. These studies have shown the superiority of ultrasonic devices for mo...

Authors: Hang Cheng, Ireena Soleas, Nicole C. Ferko, Jeffrey W. Clymer and Joseph F. Amaral

The impact of Lithium on thyroid function in Chinese psychiatric population

Lithium was known to cause thyroid dysfunction and most commonly subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Lithium associated thyroid dysfunction and to identify...

Authors: Kwan Yee Queenie Tsui

Apoptosis induction by combination of drugs or a conjugated molecule associating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and nitric oxide donor effects in medullary thyroid cancer models: implication of the tumor suppressor p73

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a C-cell neoplasm. Surgery remains its main treatment. Promising therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors demand careful patient selection. We previously observed that tw...

Authors: Thierry Ragot, Claire Provost, Aurélie Prignon, Régis Cohen, Michel Lepoivre and Sylvie Lausson

The value of thyroperoxidase as a prognostic factor for differentiated thyroid cancer -- a long-term follow-up study

Thyroperoxidase (TPO) is a membrane-bound protein essential for the production of thyroid hormones; because of this, TPO expression may be impaired in selected thyroid diseases. The goal of this study is to an...

Authors: Yurena Caballero, Eudaldo M. López-Tomassetti, Julián Favre, José R. Santana, Juan J. Cabrera and Juan R. Hernández

Circulating thyrotropin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid is not an effective marker in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Circulating thyrotropin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (TSHR mRNA) assay has been validated in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) because of its high sensitivity during thyroid hormon...

Authors: Surasawadee Ausavarat, Jiraporn Sriprapaporn, Busara Satayaban, Wanna Thongnoppakhun, Aunchalee Laipiriyakun, Boontham Amornkitticharoen, Rujaporn Chanachai and Chaveevan Pattanachak

The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine in children: a retrospective database survey of healthy short individuals and patients with severe thyroid hypoplasia or central hypothyroidism

The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) has been shown to be constant in healthy adults. However, this ratio has been found to be decreased in athyreotic adult patients on levoth...

Authors: Yuji Oto, Koji Muroya, Junko Hanakawa, Yumi Asakura and Masanori Adachi

Thyroid hormones and functional outcomes after ischemic stroke

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the primary cause of long-term adult disability in the United States. Increasing evidence suggests that low T3 levels immediately following acute ischemic stroke ...

Authors: Lena M. O’Keefe, Sarah E. Conway, Alexandra Czap, Carl D. Malchoff, Sharon Benashski, Gilbert Fortunato, Ilene Staff and Louise D. McCullough