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Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a soft tissue malignant tumor that has a predilection to the abdominopelvic and limb smooth muscles. LMS of the thyroid is exceptionally rare. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most...
One of the common causes of suboptimal control of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in levothyroxine-treated hypothyroidism is coadministration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Morning administration of panto...
The original article was published in Thyroid Research 2023 16:7
Thyroid cancer is considered as one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. Some pesticides can play a role as a potentially important risk factor in thyroid cancer by affecting thyroid morphology and thyr...
The original article was published in Thyroid Research 2022 15:22
Ultrasound-based classification systems allow stratification of thyroid nodules to recommend fine-needle aspiration (FNA) based on their malignancy risk. However, these have discrepancies that may have an impa...
Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare condition characterized by muscle paralysis, thyrotoxicosis, and hypokalemia. It presents with paralysis of both proximal and distal musculature in upper and lower...
Graves’ disease (GD) is the main cause of hyperthyroidism in women of the fertile age. In pregnant women, the disease should be carefully managed and controlled to prevent maternal and fetal complications. Obs...
The thyroid gland is an uncommon site for metastatic deposits from non-thyroid malignancies, occurring in only 1.4 - 3% of surgical specimens where malignancy is suspected. It is even rarer for the source of t...
Thyroid hormones are key determinants of health and well-being. Normal thyroid function is defined according to the standard 95% confidence interval of the disease-free population. Such standard laboratory ref...
The Correction to this article has been published in Thyroid Research 2023 16:20
Thyroid disease in pregnant women is a matter of clinical awareness, and current clinical guidelines recommend a risk-based screening strategy. This study aimed to evaluate current clinical practice regarding ...
The detection of low-risk thyroid carcinoma has increased in recent decades, although disease-specific mortality remained without changes. The high prevalence of occult carcinomas in autopsy studies, and hence...
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, representing less than 5% of all thyroid carcinomas. Τhe median survival is limited to months due to the resistance of ATC to surgery...
We have recently witnessed a rapid increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), particularly low and very low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma. Simultaneously, the number of cancer-rela...
Brown bears hibernate throughout half of the year as a survival strategy to reduce energy consumption during prolonged periods with scarcity of food and water. Thyroid hormones are the major endocrine regulato...
Currently, surgery alone is the gold standard treatment for minimally invasive follicular thyroid cancer (mi-FTC).
The brain metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is a rare condition and its prognosis is poor. The standard protocol for screening and treatment of patients with brain metastases from papillar...
Treatment patterns and outcomes of Graves’ disease (GD) are variable around the world. However, studies on treatment outcomes of GD from the Asian populations are limited. We aimed to evaluate treatment outcom...
Dual ectopic thyroid, a very rare condition, is defined as the simultaneous presence of ectopic thyroid tissue in two abnormal locations. Here, we report the surgical management of a patient with dual ectopic ...
The debate on whether or not there is a difference in the incidence of thyroid cancer between the patients with Solitary thyroid Nodule (STN) and Multinodular Goiter (MNG) has been constantly present for the l...
The Correction to this article has been published in Thyroid Research 2023 16:17
Clinicians should be aware that subacute thyroiditis (SAT) might be an under-reported adverse effect of COVID-19 vaccines.
The purpose of treating toxic nodular goitre (TNG) is to reverse hyperthyroidism, prevent recurrent disease, relieve symptoms and preserve thyroid function. Treatment efficacies and long-term outcomes of antit...
Minor alterations in thyroid function are frequent, and interpretation of thyroid function tests in the individual patient can be challenging. Furthermore, the choice of thyroid function test is debatable. To ...
Palpitations due to Graves’ disease are often caused by supraventricular arrhythmia. However, in rare cases, the background of coronary artery disease, genetic abnormalities, or channel abnormalities can cause...
To evaluate changes in the vessel density (VD) of the optic nerve head (ONH) microvasculature in thyroid eye disease (TED) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). This study aimed to applicate t...
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign, self-limiting disorder characterized by regional lymphadenopathy. Clinical symptoms range from mild fever and tenderness to upper respiratory syndrome. A few cases h...
AMH is a reliable index of ovarian reserve. It is not clear whether, or how much, thyroid function and/or thyroid autoimmunity can impair ovarian function and AMH secretion in the long term.
Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma containing predominantly thyroid tissue. In rare situations SO may develop malignancy. Most cases of malignant struma ovarii (MSO) are diagnosed after surgical rem...
Differentiated thyroid cancer has excellent overall survival. However, around 20% of patients experience recurrent diseases after a certain time of follow-up. Therefore, identification of risk factors for recu...
Sporadic medullary thyroid cancer accounts for 75% of all medullary thyroid cancers and presents at a more advanced disease stage than its hereditary counterparts. Yet there is little evidence to support risk ...
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 15 Supplement 1
The cause of adult adenomegalies may be defiant. On the other hand, ectopic thyroid is a rare condition that happens in every 1:100000 to 300,000 of healthy individuals. Here, we present a case report that joi...
In patients receiving thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppressive therapy with levothyroxine (LT4) after total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, thyroid function tests should be performed to adjust the LT4 dose...
Hyperthyroidism has been treated with radioiodine therapy for eight decades, with known benefits and side-effects. No consensus exists on which activity dosage and pre-therapeutic measurements are required for...
Amyloid goiter, defined as excess amyloid within the thyroid gland in such quantities that it produces a clinically apparent goiter, is a very rare manifestation of systemic amyloidosis with cases commonly see...
Evidence in the literature has suggested that there may be an association between thyroid antibodies and depression during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Thus, this study aims to conduct a systematic ...
Hypocalcemia is one of the most common complications of thyroidectomy, and vitamin D deficiency has been found to be an independent risk factor. Sweden is located north of the 55th latitude, resulting in a sig...
The residents of both the agricultural and pastoral areas of Tibet share the same iodine deficiency and iodine nutrition, but the rate of thyroid goiter was significantly higher in the agricultural areas than ...
Hypothyroidism is a topic that continues to provoke debate and controversy with regards to specific indications, type of thyroid hormone substitution and efficacy. We investigated the use of thyroid hormones i...
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for approximately 1.6% of new cases of thyroid cancer. The objective of this study was to describe patient characteristics, biomarker testing, treatment patterns, and cl...
Follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) rarely metastasize to regional lymph nodes, and descriptions of synchronous lateral lymph node metastases of FTC and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are lacking.
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods are identified for simulating the biological microenvironment and demonstrating more similarity to in vivo circumstances. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a let...
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is the most common inflammatory autoimmune thyroid disease and also the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries. There is evidence of the role of HT in developing ...
Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Its availability strictly depends on iodine content of foods, which may vary from very low to very high. Inadequate iod...
Lithium use causes goiter by increasing serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels through the inhibition of thyroid hormone release. However, there are no reports of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma resu...
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a common malignancy with increasing incidence. Follow-up care for DTC includes thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement and ultrasound (US) of the neck, combined with 131I remnant abl...
Thyroid dysfunction can affect fertility and miscarriage risk by affecting the process of follicular growth, embryo development, implantation, and placental formation. It has been suggested that thyroid disord...
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic initially appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, on 31 December 2019 and was spread rapidly worldwide. Most underlying diseases reported with COVID-19 patients are ...
Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) in the thyroid gland is a rare disease with generally a favorable prognosis. Treatment with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy has been shown to improve lo...
Thyroid cancer dedifferentiation is an unusual observation among young patients and is poorly understood, although a recent correlation to DICER1 gene mutations has been proposed.
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Thyroid Research