Articles

The impact of Lithium on thyroid function in Chinese psychiatric population

Lithium was known to cause thyroid dysfunction and most commonly subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Lithium associated thyroid dysfunction and to identify...

Authors: Kwan Yee Queenie Tsui

Apoptosis induction by combination of drugs or a conjugated molecule associating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and nitric oxide donor effects in medullary thyroid cancer models: implication of the tumor suppressor p73

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a C-cell neoplasm. Surgery remains its main treatment. Promising therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors demand careful patient selection. We previously observed that tw...

Authors: Thierry Ragot, Claire Provost, Aurélie Prignon, Régis Cohen, Michel Lepoivre and Sylvie Lausson

The value of thyroperoxidase as a prognostic factor for differentiated thyroid cancer -- a long-term follow-up study

Thyroperoxidase (TPO) is a membrane-bound protein essential for the production of thyroid hormones; because of this, TPO expression may be impaired in selected thyroid diseases. The goal of this study is to an...

Authors: Yurena Caballero, Eudaldo M. López-Tomassetti, Julián Favre, José R. Santana, Juan J. Cabrera and Juan R. Hernández

Circulating thyrotropin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid is not an effective marker in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Circulating thyrotropin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (TSHR mRNA) assay has been validated in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) because of its high sensitivity during thyroid hormon...

Authors: Surasawadee Ausavarat, Jiraporn Sriprapaporn, Busara Satayaban, Wanna Thongnoppakhun, Aunchalee Laipiriyakun, Boontham Amornkitticharoen, Rujaporn Chanachai and Chaveevan Pattanachak

The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine in children: a retrospective database survey of healthy short individuals and patients with severe thyroid hypoplasia or central hypothyroidism

The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) has been shown to be constant in healthy adults. However, this ratio has been found to be decreased in athyreotic adult patients on levoth...

Authors: Yuji Oto, Koji Muroya, Junko Hanakawa, Yumi Asakura and Masanori Adachi

Thyroid hormones and functional outcomes after ischemic stroke

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the primary cause of long-term adult disability in the United States. Increasing evidence suggests that low T3 levels immediately following acute ischemic stroke ...

Authors: Lena M. O’Keefe, Sarah E. Conway, Alexandra Czap, Carl D. Malchoff, Sharon Benashski, Gilbert Fortunato, Ilene Staff and Louise D. McCullough

Are the normal values of thyroid gland in children fulfilling the role attributed to them?

Authors: Arkadiusz Zygmunt

Etiopathogenesis and diagnostics of autoimmune thyroid diseases

Authors: Anhelli Syrenicz

Neurological symptoms and signs in thyroid disease

Authors: Mariusz Stasiolek

Diabetes and the thyroid

Authors: Magdalena Stasiak

The effect of Selenium on thyroid physiology and pathology

Authors: Elżbieta Skowrońska-Jóźwiak

Personal experiences in ultrasonography and sonoelastography of thyroid gland

Authors: Marek Ruchala, Adam Stangierski and Kosma Woliński

Selected genetic aspects in the pathogenesis of the thyroid diseases

Authors: Katarzyna Łącka

Acromegaly and the thyroid gland

Authors: Andrzej Lewiński and Magdalena Marcinkowska

Ultrasound and cytological diagnostics of thyroid - its proper application in case of coexisting disturbing clinical signs and symptoms, suggestive of active proliferative lesion

Authors: Andrzej Lewiński and Zbigniew Adamczewski

Pendulum swings from hypo- to hyperthyroidism: thyrotoxicosis after severe hypothyroidism after neck irradiation in a patient with a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma

Authors: Krzysztof Lewandowski, Katarzyna Dabrowska, Jacek Makarewicz and Andrzej Lewinski

Reference ranges for TSH and thyroid hormones

Authors: Krzysztof Lewandowski

Comparing the effectiveness of stimulation using rhTSH and thyroid hormone withdrawal in the treatment of thyroid cancer

Authors: Aldona Kowalska

Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy

Authors: Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska

New methods of nuclear medicine in thyroid

Authors: Grzegorz Kaminski

Contemporary application of classical techniques in thyroid scanning

Authors: Roman Junik

Antithyroid drugs

Authors: Helena Jastrzębska

The development of guidelines for management of thyroid diseases in pregnancy – current status

Authors: Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk and Malgorzata Trofimiuk-Müldner

Whether the administration of thyroid hormones may play a role in the treatment of short stature?

Authors: Maciej Hilczer

Fetal 2-D ultrasonography in maternal Graves’ disease

Authors: Małgorzata Gietka-Czernel

The thyroid gland and the process of aging

Authors: Adam Gesing

Intraoperative neuromonitoring and other techniques limiting the number of complications in thyroid surgery

Authors: Marek Dedecjus

New evidence concerning the pathomechanism and treatment of thyroid associated orbitopathy

Authors: Jacek Daroszewski

The syndromes of reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormone – the current state of art

Authors: Anna Cyniak-Magierska

Intraoperative localization and protection of important structures of the neck in thyroid surgery

Authors: Jan Brzeziński

Thyroid nodules in children - rules of management

Authors: Irena Bobeff

The importance of an individual approach to Graves’ hyperthyroidism

Authors: Tomasz Bednarczuk

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma – “a blessing or a curse”

Authors: Zbigniew Adamczewski and Andrzej Lewiński

Iodine intake as a risk factor for thyroid cancer: a comprehensive review of animal and human studies

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and in most countries, incidence rates are increasing. Although differences in population iodine intake are a determinant of benign thyroid disorders...

Authors: Michael B. Zimmermann and Valeria Galetti

Low BMI and low TSH value as risk factors related to lower bone mineral density in postmenospausal women under levothyroxine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) includes suppression of TSH with levothyroxine therapy, which may negatively influence bone mineral density (BMD), but the effects are controversial. We aime...

Authors: Thaís Gomes de Melo, Lígia Vera Montalli da Assumpção, Allan de Oliveira Santos and Denise Engelbrecht Zantut-Wittmann

Second degree AV block and severely impaired contractility in cardiac myxedema: a case report

The heart is a major target organ for thyroid hormone action. Severe overt hypothyroidism can result in diastolic hypertension, lowered cardiac output, impaired left ventricular contractility and diastolic rel...

Authors: Apostolos Chatzitomaris, Michael Scheeler, Michael Gotzmann, Roland Köditz, Janice Schildroth, Kathy Miriam Knyhala, Volkmar Nicolas, Christoph Heyer, Andreas Mügge, Harald H. Klein and Johannes W. Dietrich

Rare thyroid non-neoplastic diseases

Rare diseases are usually defined as entities affecting less than 1 person per 2,000. About 7,000 different rare entities are distinguished and, among them, rare diseases of the thyroid gland. Although not fre...

Authors: Katarzyna Lacka and Adam Maciejewski

Metastatic carcinoma to the thyroid gland from renal cell carcinoma: role of ultrasonography in preoperative diagnosis

Patients with metastases to the thyroid from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that need surgical management are not many and unfamiliar to clinicians and thyroid endocrinologists. Therefore, little information is av...

Authors: Kaoru Kobayashi, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Tomonori Yabuta, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Hiroo Masuoka, Takuya Higashiyama, Minoru Kihara, Yasuhiro Ito, Akihiro Miya, Nobuyuki Amino and Akira Miyauchi

Embolic suppurative thyroiditis with concurrent carcinoma in pregnancy: lessons in management through a case report

The thyroid undergoes a variety of physiological changes during pregnancy. The relatively low iodine levels seen in pregnancy have been implicated in thyroid growth during this time. Management of thyroid canc...

Authors: Manish M George, Jay Goswamy and Susannah E Penney

Hypothyroidism and brain developmental players

Most of our knowledge on the mechanisms of thyroid hormone (TH) dependent brain development is based on clinical observations and animal studies of maternal/fetal hypothyroidism. THs play an essential role in ...

Authors: R G Ahmed

Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptors (FSHR) in thyroid tumours – a marker of malignancy?

In normal conditions FSHR are expressed in granulosa cells of the ovary and Sertoli cells of the testis. They can be expressed also in gonadal tumours. However, recently the expression of FSHR was found in tum...

Authors: Marek Pawlikowski, Julita Fuss-Chmielewska, Maria Jaranowska, Hanna Pisarek, Robert Kubiak and Katarzyna Winczyk

The influence of thyroid dysfunction on bone metabolism

Loss of bone mineral density due to osteoporosis is the main cause of fragility fractures and leads to dropped quality of life and increased mortality. Disturbance of balance between bone formation and bone re...

Authors: Dominika Tuchendler and Marek Bolanowski

Assessment of cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 gene expression levels in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, papillary thyroid carcinoma and nontoxic nodular goitre

The cyclooxygenases are a group of enzymes catalyzing the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is a constitutive form, thought to be a “housekeeping gene”, with constant ...

Authors: Kinga Krawczyk-Rusiecka, Katarzyna Wojciechowska-Durczynska, Anna Cyniak-Magierska, Arkadiusz Zygmunt and Andrzej Lewinski

Effect of preoperative vitamin D deficiency on postoperative hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery

Transient post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia occurs in up to 30% of patients. We evaluated the effect of vitamin D deficiency on post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia.

Authors: Mayank Tripathi, Rajender Kumar Karwasra and Sanjeev Parshad

Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; a case control study

The cell-mediated immune process by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets of T-cells has a major role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). However, the exact mechanisms of initiation and progression...

Authors: Teslime Ayaz, Serap Baydur Sahin, Osman Zikrullah Sahin, Medine Cumhur Cure, Fatih Sumer and Kadir Ilkkilic

The use of semi-quantitative ultrasound elastosonography in combination with conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of malignancy risk of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology

The pre-surgical selection of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (Thy 3 according to British Thyroid Association) after fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is currently required in order to reduce un...

Authors: Massimo Giusti, Claudia Campomenosi, Stefano Gay, Barbara Massa, Enzo Silvestri, Eleonora Monti and Giovanni Turtulici

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with newly evaluated papillary thyroid cancer

This study investigates whether diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the development of papillary thyroid cancer, using an age-, gender-, and race-matched analysis.

Authors: Yannis M Paulus, Elyn R Riedel, Mona M Sabra, Robert Michael Tuttle and Marcia F Kalin

New insights into the diagnosis of nodular goiter

Preoperative diagnostic investigations of nodular goiter are based on two main examinations: ultrasonography of the thyroid gland and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. So far, FNAB has been the ...

Authors: Anhelli Syrenicz, Monika Koziołek, Andrzej Ciechanowicz, Anna Sieradzka, Agnieszka Bińczak-Kuleta and Miłosz Parczewski

Protective antioxidative effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in the thyroid and the liver are similar to those caused by melatonin

Whereas oxidative reactions occur in all tissues and organs, the thyroid constitutes such an organ, in which oxidative processes are indispensable for physiological functions. In turn, numerous metabolic react...

Authors: Agnieszka Kokoszko-Bilska, Jan Stepniak, Andrzej Lewinski and Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska

Acute TSH stimulation in vivo does not alter serum PCSK9 levels

It is now recognized that TSH can act on targets other than the thyroid, including the liver. Elevated serum TSH levels in euthyroid subjects were recently reported to correlate with high values of serum propr...

Authors: AnneMarie Gagnon, Moeber Mahzari, Heather A Lochnan and Alexander Sorisky